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边缘计算技术发展与对策研究

洪学海,汪洋

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第2期页码 20-26 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.004

摘要：

边缘计算是一项正在兴起的技术，通过把计算、存储、带宽、应用等资源放在网络的边缘侧，以便减小传输延迟和带宽消耗。同时，应用开发者和内容提供商可以根据实时的网络信息提供可感知的服务。移动终端、物联网等设备为计算敏感型的应用提供了必要的前端处理支撑，例如图像识别、网络游戏等应用，以利用边缘计算的处理能力分担云端工作负荷。本文介绍了边缘计算的概念、需解决的关键问题、主要研究进展，边缘计算发展带来的影响以及边缘计算带来的机遇和发展对策。

关键词：云计算边缘计算雾计算移动边缘计算物联网前端智能

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Real-time task processing method based on edge computing for spinning CPS

Shiyong YIN, Jinsong BAO, Jie LI, Jie ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第3期页码 320-331 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0542-1

摘要： Spinning production is a typical continuous manufacturing process characterized by high speed and uncertain dynamics. Each manufacturing unit in spinning production produces various real-time tasks, which may affect production efficiency and yarn quality if not processed in time. This paper presents an edge computing-based method that is different from traditional centralized cloud computation because its decentralization characteristics meet the high-speed and high-response requirements of yarn production. Edge computing nodes, real-time tasks, and edge computing resources are defined. A system model is established, and a real-time task processing method is proposed for the edge computing scenario. Experimental results indicate that the proposed real-time task processing method based on edge computing can effectively solve the delay problem of real-time task processing in spinning cyber-physical systems, save bandwidth, and enhance the security of task transmission.

关键词： edge computing real-time task scheduling CPS spinning

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工业互联网边缘智能的发展现状与前景展望

任姚丹珺,戚正伟,管海兵,陈磊

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第2期页码 104-111 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.02.014

摘要：

随着工业互联网与制造生产的深度融合，工业智能应用对制造业数字化、信息化转型的驱动能力正逐渐显现，但新型应用对服务质量提出了更高要求。边缘智能作为边缘计算和人工智能结合的产物，利用近数据源的计算资源完成智能任务，能够有效缓解带宽传输压力、缩短业务响应时延、保护隐私数据安全，为满足工业智能应用的性能需求提供了一种可行的解决方案。文中围绕协同计算、资源隔离、隐私保护等工业互联网边缘智能关键技术的研究现状，结合边缘智能在设备管理服务、生产过程自动化、制造辅助等工业互联网的典型场景中的应用进行了具体分析。梳理工业互联网边缘智能未来在业务驱动模式、产业生态组成、联盟作用和商业模式四方面的发展趋势，并提出相关政策建议：建议整合产业优势资源，推动行业标准确立；加大对基础共性资源的投入，深化工业互联网应用；在细分领域营造良好产业生态；校企合作培育复合型人才队伍。

关键词：工业互联网，边缘计算，边缘智能，协同计算，资源隔离

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分级移动边缘云中节省开销的资源分配 Special Feature on Future Network-Research Article

Ming-shuang JIN, Shuai GAO, Hong-bin LUO, Hong-ke ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第9期页码 1209-1220 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800203

摘要： 5G网络的云化使第三方服务提供商能够在网络边缘部署服务（例如，边缘缓存与边缘计算）。已有工作都是站在特定服务提供商角度，以最大化其收益为目标来研究服务策略（如，内容缓存策略与虚拟CPU分配策略）。然而，尚未有相关工作从网络运营商角度，在满足第三方服务提供商部署需求基础上进行合理、有效的资源分配。本文针对该问题建立了优化模型，目标是最小化所有服务提供商的部署开销。为描述服务提供商的部署需求，将所有应用分为两类，即计算密集型应用和存储密集型应用，并将这两类应用的需求作为优化问题的输入参数。由于建立的数学模型是非凸优化且是NP难问题，设计了基于精英保留策略的遗传算法来求得最优解。通过仿真验证了所设计算法的可行性和有效性。

关键词：边缘云；边缘计算；边缘缓存；资源分配；虚拟机分配

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Energy-efficient trajectory planning for a multi-UAV-assisted mobile edge computing system

Pei-qiu Huang, Yong Wang, Ke-zhi Wang,pqhuang@csu.edu.cn,ywang@csu.edu.cn,kezhi.wang@northumbria.ac.uk

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第12期页码 1671-1814 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000315

摘要： We study a system assisted by (UAVs), where the UAVs act as edge servers to provide computing services for Internet of Things devices. Our goal is to minimize the energy consumption of this system by planning the trajectories of UAVs. This problem is difficult to address because when planning the trajectories, we need to consider not only the order of stop points (SPs), but also their deployment (including the number and locations) and the association between UAVs and SPs. To tackle this problem, we present an energy-efficient algorithm (TPA) which comprises three phases. In the first phase, a algorithm with a variable population size is adopted to update the number and locations of SPs at the same time. In the second phase, the

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基于边缘计算的软件定义云制造和柔性资源调度研究 Article

杨晨, 廖方茵, 兰舒琳, 王力翚, 沈卫明, 黄国全

《工程（英文）》 2023年第22卷第3期页码 60-70 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.08.022

摘要：

本文研究的重点是在云制造环境中实现快速重构、实现灵活的资源调度、开发资源潜力以应对各种变化。因此，本文首先提出了一种新的基于云和软件定义网络（SDN）的制造模型——软件定义云制造（SDCM），该模型将控制逻辑从自动化硬件转移到软件上。这种转变意义重大，因为软件可以充当制造系统的“大脑”，并且可以轻松更改或更新以支持快速系统重新配置、运营和演进。随后，边缘计算被引入，以接近终端的计算和存储能力来补充云。另一个关键问题是管理由不同服务质量（QoS）要求的大量物联网（IoT）数据传输而导致的严重网络拥塞。基于SDCM的虚拟化和灵活的网络能力，本研究形式化了面向复杂制造任务集的时间敏感性数据流量控制问题，并考虑了子任务分配和数据路由路径选择。为了解决这一优化问题，提出了一种将遗传算法（GA）、Dijkstra 最短路径算法和排队算法相结合的方法。实验结果表明，该方法能有效地防止网络拥塞，减少SDCM中的总通信延迟。

关键词：云制造边缘计算软件定义网络工业物联网工业4.0

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Edge preparation methods for cutting tools: a review

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0766-y

摘要： Edge preparation can remove cutting edge defects, such as burrs, chippings, and grinding marks, generated in the grinding process and improve the cutting performance and service life of tools. Various edge preparation methods have been proposed for different tool matrix materials, geometries, and application requirements. This study presents a scientific and systematic review of the development of tool edge preparation technology and provides ideas for its future development. First, typical edge characterization methods, which associate the microgeometric characteristics of the cutting edge with cutting performance, are briefly introduced. Then, edge preparation methods for cutting tools, in which materials at the cutting edge area are removed to decrease defects and obtain a suitable microgeometry of the cutting edge for machining, are discussed. New edge preparation methods are explored on the basis of existing processing technologies, and the principles, advantages, and limitations of these methods are systematically summarized and analyzed. Edge preparation methods are classified into two categories: mechanical processing methods and nontraditional processing methods. These methods are compared from the aspects of edge consistency, surface quality, efficiency, processing difficulty, machining cost, and general availability. In this manner, a more intuitive understanding of the characteristics can be gained. Finally, the future development direction of tool edge preparation technology is prospected.

关键词： edge preparation method preparation principle cutting edge geometry edge characterization tool performance

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Structural design of morphing trailing edge actuated by SMA

Qi WANG, Zhiwei XU, Qian ZHU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第3期页码 268-275 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0261-y

摘要：

In this paper, the morphing trailing edge is designed to achieve the up and down deflection under the aerodynamic load. After a detailed and accurate computational analysis to determine the SMA specifications and layout programs, a solid model is created in CATIA and the structures of the morphing wing trailing edge are produced by CNC machining. A set of DSP measurement and control system is designed to accomplish the controlling experiment of the morphing wing trailing edge. At last, via the force analysis, the trailing edge is fabricated with four sections of aluminum alloy, and the arrangement scheme of SMA wires is determined. Experiment of precise control integral has been performed to survey the control effect. The experiment consists of deflection angle tests of the third joint and the integral structure. Primarily, the ultimate deflection angle is tested in these two experiments. Therefore, the controlling experiment of different angles could be performed within this range. The results show that the deflection error is less than 4% and response time is less than 6.7 s, the precise controlling of the morphing trailing edge is preliminary realized.

关键词： morphing wing trailing edge shape memory alloy digital signal processor PID algorithm

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Frequencies of circular plate with concentric ring and elastic edge support

null

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第9卷第2期页码 168-176 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0299-5

摘要：

Exact solutions for the flexural vibrations of circular plates having elastic edge conditions along with rigid concentric ring support have been presented in this paper. Values of frequency parameter for the considered circular plate are computed for different sets of values of elastic rotational and translation restraints and the radius of internal rigid ring support. The results for the first three modes of plate vibrations are computed and are presented in tabular form. The effects of rotational and linear restraints and the radius of the rigid ring support on the vibration behavior of circular plates are studied over a wide range of non-dimensional parametric values. The values of the exact frequency parameter presented in this paper for varying values of restraint parameters and the radius of the rigid ring support can better serve in design and as benchmark solutions to validate the numerical methods obtained by using other methods of solution.

关键词： circular plate frequency elastic edge rigid ring mode switching

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Knife-edge technique for laser cooling

WANG Zhanshan, MA Shanshan, MA Yan, ZHAO Min, LIU Hengbiao

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第4期页码 468-473 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0081-z

摘要： The transfer characteristics of an atomic beam and the effect of laser were investigated in this paper. In the application of knife-edge technique, the temperature of atoms through laser cooling was measured. Results indicate that, after atoms are emitted from an atomic oven, the longer the atoms move, the worse the distribution of the atomic beam shows, regardless the laser cooling is taken or not. Laser cooling can reduce the transverse velocity of the atomic beam to several orders of magnitude and also increase the uniformity of an atomic beam. Knife-edge technique can measure the temperature of an atomic beam through laser cooling. The measurement accuracy depends on the pixel size of the charge coupled device (CCD), which is used for the fluorescent imaging of the atomic beam. The results are very important for the future experiments of laser cooling.

关键词： knife-edge technique uniformity coupled transfer fluorescent

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高精度道路导航地图的进展与思考

刘经南,吴杭彬,郭迟,张宏敏,左文炜,羊铖

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第2期页码 99-105 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.015

摘要：

随着互联网时代的高速发展，更多基于位置的新型行业逐步发展起来，例如“互联网+”智能交通、无人系统等，但这些行业的发展都需要高精度的位置数据作为支撑，而传统导航地图5 m的精度无法满足需求，因此高精度道路导航地图概念被提出。高精度道路导航地图具有更加丰富细致的道路信息，可以更加精准地反映道路的真实情况。与传统地图相比，它的图层数量更多，图层内容更加精细，具有新的地图结构划分。正是因为高精度道路导航地图丰富的信息含量，使得它具有庞大的数据量，而传统的集中式大数据处理模式无法满足它的计算需求。因此，本文提出 “众包+边缘计算”的大数据处理模式来解决高精度道路导航地图的计算问题。目前，高精度道路导航地图已进入高速发展状态，但发展过程中仍面临着一些需要解决的问题。

关键词：高精度道路导航地图 “互联网+”智能交通无人系统众包边缘计算

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Tailoring electrical conductivity of two dimensional nanomaterials using plasma for edge electronics:

Aswathy Vasudevan, Vasyl Shvalya, Aleksander Zidanšek, Uroš Cvelbar

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 427-443 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1805-4

摘要： Since graphene has been discovered, two-dimensional nanomaterials have attracted attention due to their promising tunable electronic properties. The possibility of tailoring electrical conductivity at the atomic level allows creating new prospective 2D structures for energy harvesting and sensing-related applications. In this respect, one of the most successful way to manipulate the physical properties of the aforementioned materials is related to the surface modification techniques employing plasma. Moreover, plasma-gaseous chemical treatment can provide a controlled change in the bandgap, increase sensitivity and significantly improve the structural stability of material to the environment as well. This review deals with recent advances in the modification of 2D carbon nanostructures for novel ‘edge’ electronics using plasma technology and processes.

关键词： graphene edge electronics 2D nanomaterials plasma electrical conductivity

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杨晨：缘计算赋能的软件定义云制造和柔性资源调度（2023年5月30日）

2023年06月13日

关键词：智能制造

“Charging” the cigarette butt: heteroatomic porous carbon nanosheets with edge-induced topological defects

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第11期页码 1755-1764 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2318-8

摘要： Owing to the complexity of electron transfer pathways, the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction process is defined as the bottleneck for the practical application of Zn–air batteries. In this effort, metal nanoparticles (Co, Ni, Fe, etc.) encapsulated within nitrogen-doped carbon materials with abundant edge sites were synthesized by one-step pyrolysis treatment using cigarette butts as raw materials, which can drastically accelerate the overall rate of oxygen evolution reaction by facilitating the adsorption of oxygenated intermediates by the edge-induced topological defects. The prepared catalyst of nitrogen-doped carbon porous nanosheets loaded with Co nanoparticles (Co@NC-500) exhibits enhanced catalytic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction, with a low overpotential of 350 mV at the current density of 10 mA·cm^–2. Furthermore, the Zn–air battery assembled with Co@NC-500 catalyst demonstrates a desirable performance affording an open-circuit potential of 1.336 V and power density of 33.6 mW·cm^–2, indicating considerable practical application potential.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction porous carbon nanosheets Co nanoparticles edge-induced topological defects Zn–air batteries

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Bridging the gap: Neuro-Symbolic Computing for advanced AI applications in construction

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 727-735 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0266-0

摘要： Deep Learning (DL) has revolutionized the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various domains such as computer vision (CV) and natural language processing. However, DL models have limitations including the need for large labeled datasets, lack of interpretability and explainability, potential bias and fairness issues, and limitations in common sense reasoning and contextual understanding. On the other side, DL has shown significant potential in construction for safety and quality inspection tasks using CV models. However, current CV approaches may lack spatial context and measurement capabilities, and struggle with complex safety and quality requirements. The integration of Neuro-Symbolic Computing (NSC), an emerging field that combines DL and symbolic reasoning, has been proposed as a potential solution to address these limitations. NSC has the potential to enable more robust, interpretable, and accurate AI systems in construction by harnessing the strengths of DL and symbolic reasoning. The combination of symbolism and connectionism in NSC can lead to more efficient data usage, improved generalization ability, and enhanced interpretability. Further research and experimentation are needed to effectively integrate NSC with large models and advance CV technologies for precise reporting of safety and quality inspection results in construction.

关键词： advanced AI in construction safety and quality inspection Neuro-Symbolic Computing Deep Learning computer vision